Graphics Interactive/Graphics Interactive.iso/pict.tbk

Asymetrix ToolBook File | 1996-10-25 | 235KB | 1,877 lines

Example 5.3
For the part shown, sketch a two point perspective pictorial.
1. Imagine the object in its desired orientation, and draw a set of
    3-dimensional axes.
2. Determine the location of the vanishing points.  This will be necessary on two of the three axes.  The closer the vanishing points are to the origin, the more distortion, or perspective, will result.  A large amount of perspective creates the illusion that a feature  is far away from the viewer.
3. Draw the foundation.  Keep in mind that lines which are parallel to the axes containing the vanishing points will no longer be parallel.  They will instead converge to the vanishing point.
4. The part is framed, using the foundation lines as guides.  Remember that all lines that are parallel to an axis will converge at its vanishing point.
5. Interior details are added.  Note that circles become distorted ellipses in all planes.[
6. Remove any unnecessary construction lines.
step0
step1
step2
step3
step4
step5
backward
forward
pause
audioOn
paused
thisWav
playing
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, audioOn
mmstatus
clip
; = "playing"
mmPause
c = "paused"
mmPlay
} notify
repeat
audioon
thiswav
audioerror
buttonclick
buttonclick
4thiswav, audioon, vol
    syserrornumber = 0
        mmvolume
clip
        mmplay
[<> 0
audioerror
Repeat
oblique
isometric
perspective
nopix
buttonclick
buttonclick
false
false
buttonclick
buttonclick
False
inconclusive
L&inconclusive
buttonclick
buttonclick
inconclusive
Inconclusive
quiz1
Quiz 5.1
The relative scales in the x, y, and z directions of an isometric pictorial are the same.
any that owns the drawing).
answer
True.
reference
isometric
misc.tbk
correct
misc.tbk
incorrect
false
misc.tbk
incorrect
inconclusive
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterpage
animdone
audiodone
-- These scripts are where you
the answer
's quiz question
? buttons (on
/) will always
Dsame message.
It's
-- just a matter
creating
u"correct"
"incorrect"
-- setting
inconclusive
display
F one, since that
be chosen.
8"misc.tbk"
%modal
4thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav
animdone
audiodone
nopix
misc.tbk
correct
misc.tbk
incorrect
false
misc.tbk
incorrect
inconclusive
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterpage
animdone
audiodone
-- These scripts are where you
the answer
's quiz question
? buttons (on
/) will always
Dsame message.
It's
-- just a matter
creating
u"correct"
"incorrect"
-- setting
inconclusive
display
F one, since that
be chosen.
8"misc.tbk"
%modal
4thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav
animdone
audiodone
Quiz 5.2
Isometric and oblique pictorials do not have vanishing points.
c pictorial are the same.
any that owns the drawing).
answer
True.  Lines parallel to the axis continue to appear parallel in these pictorials.metime wish the drawing to be freely distributed..
reference
oblique
misc.tbk
incorrect
misc.tbk
correct
false
misc.tbk
incorrect
inconclusive
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterpage
animdone
audiodone
-- These scripts are where you
the answer
's quiz question
? buttons (on
/) will always
Dsame message.
It's
-- just a matter
creating
u"correct"
"incorrect"
-- setting
inconclusive
display
F one, since that
be chosen.
8"misc.tbk"
%modal
4thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav
animdone
audiodone
Quiz 5.3
In a perspective pictorial, moving a vanishing point farther away from the origin makes that end of the object appear farther away.
answer
False.  Moving the vanishing point farther away decreases the amount of perspective, and makes that end of the object appear closer.
reference
perspective
misc.tbk
incorrect
misc.tbk
correct
false
misc.tbk
incorrect
inconclusive
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterpage
animdone
audiodone
-- These scripts are where you
the answer
's quiz question
? buttons (on
/) will always
Dsame message.
It's
-- just a matter
creating
u"correct"
"incorrect"
-- setting
inconclusive
display
F one, since that
be chosen.
8"misc.tbk"
%modal
4thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav
animdone
audiodone
Quiz 5.4
In a 3-point perspective pictorial, the vanishing points must be equidistant from the origin.
d of the object appear farther away.
answer
False.  The amount of perspective along each axis may be different.t of perspective, and makes that end of the object appear closer.
reference
perspective
Quiz 5.5
An oblique view cannot exist in reality.
nishing points must be equidistant from the origin.
d of the object appear farther away.
answer
True.
reference
oblique
misc.tbk
correct
misc.tbk
incorrect
false
misc.tbk
incorrect
inconclusive
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterpage
animdone
audiodone
-- These scripts are where you
the answer
's quiz question
? buttons (on
/) will always
Dsame message.
It's
-- just a matter
creating
u"correct"
"incorrect"
-- setting
inconclusive
display
F one, since that
be chosen.
8"misc.tbk"
%modal
4thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav
animdone
audiodone
misc.tbk
incorrect
misc.tbk
incorrect
false
misc.tbk
correct
inconclusive
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterpage
animdone
audiodone
-- These scripts are where you
the answer
's quiz question
? buttons (on
/) will always
Dsame message.
It's
-- just a matter
creating
u"correct"
"incorrect"
-- setting
inconclusive
display
F one, since that
be chosen.
8"misc.tbk"
%modal
4thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav
animdone
audiodone
Quiz 5.6
An isometric view cannot exist in reality.
shing points must be equidistant from the origin.
d of the object appear farther away.
answer
Inconclusive.  When the object is close to the observer, the object will appear with a certain amount of perspective.  However, when the object is further away, this effect is diminished.
An isometric view can be created by turning an object into the correct orientation.
reference
isometric
misc.tbk
incorrect
misc.tbk
incorrect
false
misc.tbk
correct
inconclusive
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterpage
animdone
audiodone
-- These scripts are where you
the answer
's quiz question
? buttons (on
/) will always
Dsame message.
It's
-- just a matter
creating
u"correct"
"incorrect"
-- setting
inconclusive
display
F one, since that
be chosen.
8"misc.tbk"
%modal
4thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav
animdone
audiodone
Quiz 5.7
In a perspective pictorial, circles will appear as ellipses.
e equidistant from the origin.
d of the object appear farther away.
answer
Indeterminate.  If the circle appears in a plane defined by axes with no vanishing points on the axes, then it will appear as an ellipse.  Otherwise, circles appear as distorted ellipses...........
reference
perspective
quiz1
Choose one of the buttons to change the view to a different degree of perspective.ctive.ctive.
animationStage
lastname
currbox
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, lastname, x, y, currbox
# = "iso"
        --
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v = "1"
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            y = 119
 = "2"
 = "2
            x = 180
            y = 209
 = "3"
 = "3
            x = 270
            y = 299
            x =
            y = 299
buttonclick
Isometric
lastname
currbox
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, lastname, x, y, currbox
# = "1pt"
        --
means we have
pthe picture "
something
fa "0"
v = "0"
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            x = 0
            y = 29
 = "2"
 = "2
            x = 210
            y = 239
 = "3"
 = "3
            x = 300
            y = 329
            x =
            y = 329
 = "1pt"
buttonclick
1 Point
lastname
currbox
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, lastname, x, y, currbox
# = "2pt"
        --
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pthe picture "
something
fa "0"
u = "0"
 = "0to2"
            x = 30
            y = 59
 = "1"
 = "1
            x = 120
            y = 149
 = "3"
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            x = 330
            y = 359
            x =
            y = 359
 = "2pt"
buttonclick
2 Point
lastname
currbox
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, x, y, lastname, currbox
# = "3pt"
        --
means we have
pthe picture "
something
fa "0"
o = "0"
{ = "0to3"
            x = 60
            y = 89
 = "1"
 = "1
            x = 150
            y = 179
 = "2"
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            x = 240
            y = 269
            x =
            y = 269
 = "3pt"
buttonclick
3 Point
buttonclick
4currframe, numframes
4thiswav, audioon, vol
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            -- Remove hidden lines; clean up drawing
"step1"
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"step2"
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4currframe, numframes
4thiswav, vol, audioon
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            -- Remove hidden lines; clean up drawing
"step1"
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"step3"
        syserrornumber = 0
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mmstop
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            mmvolume
            mmplay
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        normalGraphic
= icon "repeat"
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buttonclick
4currframe, numframes
4thiswav, audioon, vol
D <> 0
("txt" &
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            -- Remove hidden lines; clean up drawing
"step1"
"step2"
"step3"
        syserrornumber = 0
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(mmstatus
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        normalGraphic
= icon "repeat"
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buttonclick
4currframe, numframes
4thiswav, audioon, vol
D <> 0
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4numframes, thisanim, lastanim, thiswav, lastwav
    thisAnim =
\ = 5
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4currframe,
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audiodone
animdone
4numframes, thisAnim, thisWav, lastAnim, lastWav
V = 6
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4currframe,
    syserrornumber = 0
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1= "paused")
        mmstop
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    -- For
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4numframes, thisWav, thisAnim, lastWav, lastAnim
W = 6
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4currframe,
    syserrornumber = 0
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audioerror
    -- For
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("txt" & i)
" & i)
update
audiodone
animdone
buttonclick
4currframe, numframes
4thiswav, vol, audioon
    -- Restore the hidden lines
"step1"
"step2"
"step3"
    -- Now
Pcommands
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(mmstatus
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mmvolume
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audioerror
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B"Forward"
buttonclick
4currframe, numframes
4thiswav, vol , audioon
    -- Restore the hidden lines
"step1"
"step2"
"step3"
    -- Now
Pcommands
steps
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        syserrornumber = 0
(mmstatus
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            mmstop
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mmvolume
mmplay
audioerror
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buttonclick
4currframe, numframes
4thiswav, vol, audioon
    -- Restore the hidden lines
"step1"
"step2"
"step3"
    -- Now
Pcommands
steps
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        syserrornumber = 0
(mmstatus
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 = "paused")
            mmstop
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mmvolume
mmplay
audioerror
update
buttonclick
4currframe, numframes
4thiswav, audioon, vol
    -- Restore the hidden lines
"step1"
"step2"
"step3"
    -- Now
Pcommands
steps
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        syserrornumber = 0
(mmstatus
clip
 = "playing"
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            mmstop
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4numframes, thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav, currframe
a = 6
8 = 0
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4lastAnim, thisAnim, lastWav, thisWav, lastname, currbox
5 = "
7 = "iso"
stage "animationstage"
    syserrornumber = 0
--    mmClose clip "perintro" wait
mmStatus
 = "playing"
            mmStop
animerror
AnimDone
 = "perspective"
    mmOpen
    mmseek
thisanim
    mmshow
Animationstage"
AudioDone
buttonclick
, x, y
        mmPlay
ge" hold
= default
        x =
audioon
forward
reset
paused
step1
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
numframes
playing
update
buttonclick
repeat
forwardsml
currframe
numframes
update
audioon
forward
step2
reset
paused
step1
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
numframes
playing
update
buttonclick
repeat
forwardsml
currframe
numframes
update
audioon
step2
reset
paused
step1
update
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
numframes
playing
step3
buttonclick
repeat
forwardsml
currframe
numframes
update
audioon
forward
step2
reset
paused
step1
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
numframes
playing
step3
update
buttonclick
repeat
forwardsml
currframe
numframes
update
thisanim
lastanim
thiswav
numframes
lastwav
enterpage
reset
leavepage
forward
paused
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
playing
numframes
update
reset
audiodone
animdone
reset
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
numframes
lastWav
enterpage
reset
leavepage
forward
paused
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
playing
numframes
update
reset
audiodone
animdone
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
numframes
lastWav
enterpage
reset
leavepage
forward
paused
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
playing
numframes
update
reset
audiodone
animdone
audioon
Forward
step2
paused
step1
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
numframes
playing
step3
update
buttonclick
audioon
forward
step2
paused
step1
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
numframes
playing
step3
update
buttonclick
audioon
forward
step2
paused
step1
update
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
numframes
playing
step3
buttonclick
audioon
forward
step2
paused
step1
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
numframes
playing
step3
update
buttonclick
thisAnim
lastAnim
currframe
thisWav
numframes
lastWav
enterpage
reset
leavepage
forward
paused
currframe
thiswav
audioerror
playing
numframes
update
reset
audiodone
animdone
lastname
currbox
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterPage
animationstage
currbox
lastAnim
playing
lastWav
animerror
leavePage
animationstage
thisAnim
lastAnim
Animationstage
animerror
perspective
AnimDone
AudioDone
.&+    +E
animationstage
thisAnim
animerror
default
buttonclick
rtooblique
pictb
perspective
perintro
5-3-4
5-2-5
5-3-6
5-4-1
5-4-2
5-4-3
picta
rtoiso
pictc
pictd
5-1-1
5-1-2
5-1-3
5-1-4
5-1-5
5-1-6
5-2-1
5-3-3
5-3-5
5-3-1
5-4-4
5-4-5
5-4-6
5-2-1
5-2-2
5-2-3
5-2-4
5-3-2
objectives
anim\picto.flc
anim\picto.flc
anim\oblique.flc
anim\iso.flc
audio\pict_a1.wav
audio\pict_b1a.wav
audio\pict_c1a.wav
audio\pict_d1.wav
audio\5-1-1.wav
-1-1.
audio\5-1-2.wav
audio\5-1-3.wav
audio\5-1-4.wav
audio\5-1-5.wav
audio\5-1-6.wav
audio\5-2-1.wav
audio\5-2-2.wav
audio\5-2-3.wav
audio\5-2-4.wav
audio\5-2-5.wav
audio\5-2-6.wav
audio\5-3-1.wav
audio\5-3-2.wav
audio\5-3-3.wav
audio\5-3-4.wav
audio\5-3-5.wav
audio\5-3-6.wav
audio\5-4-1.wav
audio\5-4-2.wav
audio\5-4-3.wav
audio\5-3-4.wav
audio\5-4-5.wav
audio\chapter5.wav
thisAnim
lastAnim
objectives
thisWav
lastWav
enterpage
leavepage
audiodone
animdone
4thisAnim, lastAnim, thisWav, lastWav
, = "objectives"
audiodone
animdone
Chapter 5:  Pictorialse Geometryng
The objectives of this chapter are to:
Show the most common pictorials used to present a 3-dimensional object...
Highlight the advantages and disadvantages of using various pictorials.
Demonstrate the creation of pictorials.
buttonclick
buttonclick
Begin Lesson
Example 5.1
For the part shown, sketch an oblique pictorial.
 multiview drawing which shows the front, top, and profile views.
1. Imagine the object in its desired orientation, and draw a set of 3 dimensional axes and the foundation of the pictorial.  This is the volume that the part occupies.  The object depth  represented by an axis that extends at a 30 or 45 angle from the origin.
2. The front view is shown in its true shape, and features may often be copied directly from the engineering drawing.
3. Lines that are parallel to the depth axis are drawn, scaled to approximately one half of the scale used in the frontal plane, or some other predetermined scale.
4. Parallel lines always remain parallel.  The exterior frame of the object is drawn.
5. Interior details are added.  Note that circles remain circular in planes that are parallel to the frontal plane, but are ellipses elsewhere.
6. Remove any unnecessary construction lines.
step0
step1
step2
step3
step4
step5
backward
forward
pause
audioOn
paused
thisWav
playing
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, audioOn
mmstatus
clip
; = "playing"
mmPause
c = "paused"
mmPlay
} notify
repeat
audioon
thiswav
audioerror
buttonclick
buttonclick
4thiswav, audioon, vol
    syserrornumber = 0
        mmvolume
clip
        mmplay
[<> 0
audioerror
Repeat
Example 5.2
For the part shown, sketch an isometric pictorial.
1. Imagine the object in its desired orientation, and draw a set of 3 dimensional axes.  Note that for an isometric pictorial, the axes appear at 60 degrees from each other.
2. Draw the foundation of the pictorial.  This is the volume that the part occupies.  The distance scale along each axis is the same, thus distances can be scaled directly from the engineering drawing.  A proportional scale can also be used, but the scale for all three axes must be the same.
3. The exterior frame of the object is drawn.  The multiview drawing is used for scaling along the appropriate axes. Parallel lines always remain parallel..
4. The part is framed, using the foundation lines as guides.  Remember the all lines that are parallel to an axis will converge at its vanishing point.
5. Remove any unnecessary construction lines.
step0
step1
step2
step3
step4
backward
forward
pause
audioOn
paused
thisWav
playing
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, audioOn
mmstatus
clip
; = "playing"
mmPause
c = "paused"
mmPlay
} notify
repeat
audioon
thiswav
audioerror
buttonclick
buttonclick
4thiswav, audioon, vol
    syserrornumber = 0
        mmvolume
clip
        mmplay
[<> 0
audioerror
Repeat
Example 5.4
For the part shown, sketch a three point perspective pictorial.
1. Imagine the object in its desired orientation, and draw a set of 3-dimensional axes.
2. Determine the location of the vanishing points.  This will be necessary on all three axes.  The closer the vanishing points are to the origin, the more distortion, or perspective, will result.  A large amount of perspective creates the illusion that a feature is far away from the viewer.
3. Draw the foundation, which will outline the space which the object occupies.  Keep in mind that lines which are parallel to the axes will no longer be parallel.  These lines will instead converge to the vanishing point.  Note that since the third vanishing point is placed below the part, the object will appear to be viewed from above.
4. The part is framed, using the foundation lines as guides.  Remember the all lines that are parallel to an axis will converge at its vanishing point.
5. Interior details are added.  Note that circles become distorted ellipses in all planes.
6. Remove any unnecessary construction lines.
step0
step1
step2
step3
step4
step5
backward
forward
pause
audioOn
paused
thisWav
playing
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, audioOn
mmstatus
clip
; = "playing"
mmPause
c = "paused"
mmPlay
} notify
repeat
audioon
thiswav
audioerror
buttonclick
buttonclick
4thiswav, audioon, vol
    syserrornumber = 0
        mmvolume
clip
        mmplay
[<> 0
audioerror
Repeat
<BookPath>
:HDMEDIAPATH
pagesys.sbk
=^addToSysBooks
thisAnim
Pictorials
thisWav
statusBar
menusys.sbk
enterBook
addToSysBooks
4thisWav, thisAnim
addToSysBooks "pagesys.sbk"
 menusys.
statusBar = "Pictorials"
mnewBook
:CDMEDIAPATH
Arial
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E:\,E:\
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Boldface PS
TBKWidgets
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\,E:\,E:\
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Graphics Interactive
pause
audioOn
paused
thisWav
audioerror
playing
buttonClick
buttonClick
4thisWav, audioOn, vol
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mmStatus
clip
U = "playing"
            mmPause
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mmvolume
Pthiswav =
mmPlay
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buttonClick
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4thisWav, audioOn, vol
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clip thiswav =
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v<> 0
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thisAnim
lastAnim
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lastWav
enterPage
leavePage
AnimDone
AudioDone
4lastAnim, thisAnim, lastWav, thisWav
--switch the
, = "picta"
AnimDone
AudioDone
Pictorials
Occasionally, a three dimensional object is difficult to envision from a multiview drawing. Pictorials are used to aid in visualizing the object.  Most pictorials are not true images of the actual object, but rather a simply constructed representation.  The three types of pictorials are oblique, isometric, and perspective views.
&File
E&xit    Alt+F4
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&Navigate
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&First Page    Ctrl+Home
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Introduction
intro
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Objectives
intro1
History
intro2
Usefulness
intro3
Sketching
sketch
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Objectives
Techniques
Objects
Cartooning
Engineering Drawings
formDraw
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Objectives
Format
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Othogonal Projection
ortho
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Objectives
orth1
Theory
orth2
Standard Views
orth3
Auxiliary Views
orth4
Common Practices
orth5
orth6
Pictorials
pictorials
Go to Pictorials chapter
Objectives
pict1
Oblique View
pict2
Isometric View
pict3
Perspective View
pict4
pict5
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Objectives
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Objectives
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Tolerancing
tolerance
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Objectives
Definitions
Practical Fabrication Tolerances
True Position
Datums
Surface Features
Descriptive Geometry
descGeom
Go to Descriptive Geometry chapter
Objectives
Basic Principles and Relationships
Line Visibility
Distance Between Lines
Edge Views and True Shapes
Dihedral Angles
Intersection of a Line and a Plane
Intersection of Two Planes
Intersection of a Plane and a Solid
Intersection of Solids
Surface Developments
Contours and Cut-and-Fill
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Instructions    F1
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About the Authors
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Prof. Dennis K. Lieu
Chris Casey
Su Shien Pang
Paul Krueger
Allison Okamura
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solids
thisAnim
lastAnim
thisWav
lastWav
enterPage
leavePAge
AnimDone
AudioDone
4thisWav, thisAnim, lastWav, lastAnim
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leavePAge
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You have reached the end of Pictorials.  To review the material, go to the next page.  To continue to Sections, click the button below.n below.w.
nextLesson
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buttonClick
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sections
&Go to next lesson!
solids
smpause
smpausedis
backwardsml
backwardDis
forwardsml
forwardDis
pauseup
pauseDis
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**""""""**"
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oblique
thisAnim
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lastAnim
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thisWav
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, = "pictb"
N = "rtooblique"
AnimDone
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Oblique views are the simplest type of pictorial to construct, but do not exist in reality.  The frontal view is in true shape, while the other planes are distorted.  The spatial axis is represented at thirty or forty-five degrees.  Notice that parallel lines always remain parallel.
The scale along the depth axis is usually one-half scale or full scale.  At one-half scale, the pictorial is called a cabinet drawing.  At full scale, the pictorial is called a cavalier drawing.
Oblique
animationStage
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stage "Animationstage"
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X (depth axis)
isometric
rtoiso
thisAnim
lastAnim
pictc
thisWav
lastWav
enterPage
leavePage
AnimDone
AudioDone
4lastAnim, thisAnim, lastWav, thisWav
--switch the
, = "pictc"
M = "rtoiso"
AnimDone
AudioDone
Isometric pictorials are probably the most popular 3-D pictorials in engineering drawing.  In an isometric pictorial, the axes appear with a separation of 60 degrees.  The scale along all of the axes is the same.  Distances along each axis can be scaled directly from the multiview drawing.  All planes not parallel to the viewing plane are distorted.  Lines that are parallel to an axis continue to appear parallel.  An isometric pictorial may or may not exist in reality.  The longer the distance from which the object is viewed, the closer the image is to isometric.
Isometric
animationStage
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Xxtta
perspective
thisAnim
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4lastAnim, thisAnim, lastWav, thisWav
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  = "pictd"
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AudioDone
Perspective
Perspective views are the most realistic pictorials.  Objects which are further away look smaller.  Parallel lines are not parallel, but converge to one, two, or three vanishing points.  These views are easily constructed with CAD.
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